Economic effects of plot sizes and farm-plot distances in organic and conventional farming systems: A farm-level analysis for Germany

Plot sizes and farm-plot distances affect the economic performance of agricultural production. Their effects likely differ between conventional organic farming systems due to major differences in crop production programs. Our paper quantifies these based on big data resource requirements field operations, summarized by regression models. Combined with detailed case study information obtained through interviews, we assess plot size distance for three farms which recently converted farming. results show both systems, as expected, that larger reduce labor costs associated while increase them. At same face lower and, at given market prices, higher profits. Cost savings from are, however, are cost increases growing distances. This implies benefits conversion managing smaller plots farther away farm. Land fragmentation might hence favor switching motivate regionally differentiated subsidy rates.